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Reconstruction was neither a vicious tyranny,as white Southerners charged,nor a thoroughgoing reform,as many Northerners claimed.

A) True
B) False

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Even after the military fall of the South,Lincoln continued to insist that the Confederate government had no legal right to exist.

A) True
B) False

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The Wade-Davis Bill sought to make it more difficult than Lincoln desired for those states which had left the Union to return.

A) True
B) False

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Grandfather laws established that


A) African Americans could only vote if they could prove that they had been in the United States for at least two generations.
B) only African Americans above age fifty could vote.
C) certain levels of property holdings could exempt a potential voter from a literacy test.
D) men could vote if they met certain property qualifications.
E) men who could not meet the literacy and property qualifications could vote if their ancestors had voted before Reconstruction began.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The Freedmen's Bureau was a civilian agency under the control of the State Department.

A) True
B) False

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In the final days of the Civil War,President Abraham Lincoln


A) insisted that the Confederacy had no legal right to exist.
B) argued it best to readmit the Confederate states to the Union without condition.
C) called on the Confederacy to negotiate a peace treaty with the United States.
D) met with Jefferson Davis in Richmond, Virginia.
E) declared that the Confederate government must repudiate its constitution.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Assess the presidency of Ulysses S.Grant.

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The Grant administration achieved its greatest successes in foreign affairs.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate?


A) Given the context within which Americans of the 1860s and 1870s were working, it is surprising that Reconstruction did so little.
B) A lack of respect for private property and free enterprise prevented any real assault on economic privilege in the South.
C) The president and his party proved uninterested in supporting even modest acceptance of African American rights.
D) The president and his party had hoped to build up a "new Democratic" organization in the South.
E) Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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President Johnson vetoed both the Freedmen's Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

A) True
B) False

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Describe "Jim Crow."

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Jim Crow refers to the system of racial ...

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In most parts of the South,the "Redeemer" government constituted a genuinely new ruling class.

A) True
B) False

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In 1867,congressional plans for Reconstruction


A) were rejected by every former Confederate state.
B) replaced federal military commanders in the South with civilian leaders.
C) granted forty acres of land to every adult male former slave.
D) required new state governments in the South to give voting rights to black males.
E) required that state legislatures ratify the Thirteenth Amendment.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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At the end of the Civil War,the number of slaves that emerged from bondage was


A) about 800,000.
B) about 1 million.
C) about 2.5 million.
D) almost 4 million.
E) almost 6 million.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Black sharecropping


A) represented a continuation of the pre-Civil War gang-labor system.
B) differed sharply from the tenant system.
C) usually led to economic independence.
D) was a very common occupation of former slaves.
E) involved close white supervision, which recalled the days of slavery.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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An end to Reconstruction was achieved by the ________ of 1877.

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In what ways did Reconstruction succeed? In what ways did it fail? What has been its legacy?

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The Reconstruction era in the United Sta...

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"The slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again toward slavery." Explain this assessment by W.E.B.Du Bois of the Reconstruction era by offering the historical evidence that supports each of the three parts of the quote.

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W.E.B. Du Bois' assessment of the Recons...

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After Reconstruction,political power under southern "Redeemers"


A) was very often restricted and conservative.
B) typically relied on raising taxes for its funding.
C) increased state services for the poor.
D) ignored the interests of industrialists.
E) helped consolidate the "Solid South" for the Republican Party.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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General Oliver O.Howard ran the ________,an agency that established schools and helped provide basic services for former slaves following the Civil War.

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