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Exam 8: Conducting Constitutional Seizures

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Question 21

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The police may not make a nonconsensual, warrantless arrest inside a person's home or arrest a guest within that home without:

A) reasonable suspicion.
B) information that meets the two-pronged test for reliability.
C) justification under the community caretaker exception.
D) exigent circumstances.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Question 22

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The 1991 case involving the beating of ________________ by the LAPD brought the issue of police brutality and racism in Los Angeles to the forefront.

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Question 23

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The only justification for the use of deadly force by an officer is in self-defense or in protecting the lives of others.

In United States v. Sharpe, the Court ruled that a stop:

You are preparing to train new police officers on the use of force. Using the Graham factors, explain how a court will look at the reasonableness of force used by a police officer. Also provide an example to your class of a failure to meet the standard.

Common law has held that anyone witnessing certain crimes may make a(n) _______ and then turn that individual over to authorities.

The length of an investigative detention should be measured in _________________.

If police officers observe a crime being committed, they have the authority to arrest, without a warrant, the individuals involved in committing the crime.

Which of the following is not considered when determining if the length of an investigative stop was reasonable?

You are a senior police officer in the department, and you have been tasked by the chief of police to draft a policy on the way that police officers should deal with high-speed chases. There have been several complaints and newspaper articles about recent car chases that ended in the death or serious injury of the drivers. Additionally, some citizens are concerned that high-speed chases in residential neighborhoods are a danger to children and others. You know that many important arrests have been made as a result of such chases. Write a short policy on high-speed chases, explaining the guidelines for police officers, and justify your policy.

In the case of _________________, the Court held that information from an informant, and not just personal observation by an officer, may establish the requisite suspicion to make a stop.

The use of a Taser might be considered unreasonable, excessive force if the subject is:

A situation in which the police take someone in for questioning in a manner that is, in reality, an arrest, but without the requisite probable cause is called _______________.

What was the significance of Adams v. Williams (1972) in regard to the Fourth Amendment?

Which of the following, by itself, can be used as reasonable suspicion to conduct a stop?

In which case did the Supreme Court hold that "In terms that apply equally to seizures of property and to seizures of persons, the Fourth Amendment has drawn a firm line at the entrance to the house…Absent exigent circumstances, that threshold may not reasonably be crossed without a warrant"?

Discuss the controversial topic of the use of force, and the landmark cases guiding officer behavior.

The law of citizen's arrest is used by private security officers. Because of this law, the Fourth Amendment (or any other constitutional restraint) does not bind them.

Roadblocks have been found to be constitutional if their purpose is to check for:

Officers must have a particularized and objective basis for suspecting a person of criminal activity to demonstrate reasonable suspicion for an investigatory stop under the: