Question 1

The National Association of Music Teachers is interested in the extent to which musical ability is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
Design two studies, a twin study and an adoption study, to examine this issue. For each study, discuss which groups of participants you would compare. Describe what results would lead you to conclude that musical ability is influenced to a large degree by genetic factors and what results would lead you to conclude that musical ability is influenced to a large degree by environmental factors.

Accepted Answer

Twin Study:
In a twin study, the Nationa...

Question 2

Andrew has red hair, green eyes, and lots of freckles.
He is very active but is shy. These things about Andrew make up his:

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant genes.
B)  recessive genes.
C)  genotype.
D)  phenotype.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following effects is an example of the
"child's phenotype ? child's environment" relation?

Accepted Answer

A)  effect of the environment on the child's behavior created by the child's parents
B)  effect of the child's interests on the environment the child seeks out
C)  effect of the child's behavior on the parents' responses to the child
D)  Both A and B are correct.
E)  Both A and C are correct.F) Both B and C are correct.G) A) and C)
H) D) and F)

Question 4

Which of the following statements identifies a problem with the use of formula for infant feeding in underdeveloped countries?

Accepted Answer

A)  The formula is often mixed with polluted water.
B)  The formula does not contain antibodies againstinfections.
C)  The formula is frequently diluted because of high cost.
D)  All of the statements identify problems.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

The fact that rats raised in cages with toys have more dendritic spines and more synapses per neuron than rats raised in cages without this stimulation is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitive periods.
B)  experience-expectant plasticity.
C)  experience-dependent plasticity. 
D)  neurogenesis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Pamela and her mother both have a strong aversion to cheese. What could have caused this similarity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pamela genetically inherited "cheese aversion" from her mother.
B)  Pamela's mother's own genetically inherited "cheese aversion" led her to create a "cheese aversion" environment in which Pamela developed.
C)  Pamela's mother's aversion to cheese caused pamela's genotype to change.
D)  Both A and B could have caused the similarity. 
E)  Both A and C could have caused the similarity.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is likely that autism spectrum disorder is caused by the MMR vaccine.
B)  It is clear that the cause of autism spectrum disorder is solely genetic.
C)  Approximately 1 in 1,500 U.S. children between the ages of 3 and 10 have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
D)   Autism spectrum disorder is known to be highly heritable.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The entire set of human genes is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  genode.
B)  genesis.
C)  genotype.
D)  genome.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following methods for examining the specific areas of the brain associated with particular behaviors, thoughts, and feelings is most likely to be used with infants and young children?

Accepted Answer

A)  positron emission tomography (PET)  scan
B)  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 
C)  electrophysiological recording 
D)  autopsyE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The capacity of the brain to be shaped by experience is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenesis.
B)  myelination.
C)  synaptic pruning.
D)  plasticity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Following brain damage in a small area of his brain, Lionel is unable to comprehend the meaning of others' facial expressions. We can conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the damaged area of Lionel's brain is responsible for comprehension of the meaning of facial expressions. 
B)  Lionel's injury has affected his vision.
C)  other areas of Lionel's brain will eventually take over this responsibility.
D)  All of the answers are correct.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

plasticity relies on normal human experience for normal brain development and thus requires human genes to code less information and still result in normal development.

Accepted Answer

A)  Experience-dependent
B)  Experience-independent
C)  Experience-expectant 
D)  Experience-protectedE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The process of synaptogenesis:

Accepted Answer

A)  involves the formation of connections between neurons. 
B)  causes the elimination of excess neurons.
C)  is basically complete before birth.
D)  All of these answers are included in the process of synaptogenesis.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Marked changes in physical development that have occurred over generations are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  historical anomalies.
B)  generation-dependent plasticity.
C)  secular trends. 
D)  growth disturbances.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Neurogenesis:

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to the growth of axons.
B)  is mostly complete right before the baby is born.
C)  occurs after cell migration in the brain.
D)  takes place through cell division.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following designs is ideal for studying behavior genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  adoption study
B)  family study
C)  adoptive twin study 
D)  twin studyE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Stacy and Tracy are identical twins who were reared together. Stacy is quite athletic and not very artistic, whereas Tracy is not very athletic but is artistic. These personality differences can be attributed to their:

Accepted Answer

A)  shared genetics.
B)  nonshared genetics.
C)  shared environment.
D)  nonshared environment. •All of the answers are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The finding that siblings reared together are more similar in intelligence than half-siblings (individuals who share one parent)  reared together is evidence for the:

Accepted Answer

A)  importance of genetic factors. 
B)  importance of environmental factors.
C)  interplay between genes and environment.
D)  All of the answers are correct.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following items is NOT a source of variability in physical development among individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  genes
B)  nutrition
C)  chronic stress
D)  body imageE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

As a teenager, Leonard often acted on his impulses and played practical jokes on his classmates. Now 21, Leonard no longer engages in this kind of behavior. Which of the following best explains this change in his behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  a dramatic increase in gray matter
B)  prefrontal synapse elimination
C)  the maturing of the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex
D)  synesthesiaE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: Biology and Behavior

The fact that rats raised in cages with toys have more dendritic spines and more synapses per neuron than rats raised in cages without this stimulation is an example of:

Correct Answer
verified

Pamela and her mother both have a strong aversion to cheese. What could have caused this similarity?

Correct Answer
verified

As a teenager, Leonard often acted on his impulses and played practical jokes on his classmates. Now 21, Leonard no longer engages in this kind of behavior. Which of the following best explains this change in his behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

The capacity of the brain to be shaped by experience is referred to as:

Correct Answer
verified

The finding that siblings reared together are more similar in intelligence than half-siblings (individuals who share one parent) reared together is evidence for the:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is NOT true?

Correct Answer
verified

The entire set of human genes is referred to as a:

Correct Answer
verified

Marked changes in physical development that have occurred over generations are referred to as:

Correct Answer
verified

Following brain damage in a small area of his brain, Lionel is unable to comprehend the meaning of others' facial expressions. We can conclude that:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following items is NOT a source of variability in physical development among individuals?

Correct Answer
verified

The process of synaptogenesis:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following effects is an example of the "child's phenotype ? child's environment" relation?

Correct Answer
verified

plasticity relies on normal human experience for normal brain development and thus requires human genes to code less information and still result in normal development.

Correct Answer
verified

Stacy and Tracy are identical twins who were reared together. Stacy is quite athletic and not very artistic, whereas Tracy is not very athletic but is artistic. These personality differences can be attributed to their:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements identifies a problem with the use of formula for infant feeding in underdeveloped countries?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Twin Study:
In a twin study, the Nationa...
View Answer

Which of the following methods for examining the specific areas of the brain associated with particular behaviors, thoughts, and feelings is most likely to be used with infants and young children?

Correct Answer
verified

Neurogenesis:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following designs is ideal for studying behavior genetics?

Correct Answer
verified

Andrew has red hair, green eyes, and lots of freckles. He is very active but is shy. These things about Andrew make up his:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Biology and Behavior

The fact that rats raised in cages with toys have more dendritic spines and more synapses per neuron than rats raised in cages without this stimulation is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pamela and her mother both have a strong aversion to cheese. What could have caused this similarity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a teenager, Leonard often acted on his impulses and played practical jokes on his classmates. Now 21, Leonard no longer engages in this kind of behavior. Which of the following best explains this change in his behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The capacity of the brain to be shaped by experience is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The finding that siblings reared together are more similar in intelligence than half-siblings (individuals who share one parent) reared together is evidence for the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The entire set of human genes is referred to as a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marked changes in physical development that have occurred over generations are referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following brain damage in a small area of his brain, Lionel is unable to comprehend the meaning of others' facial expressions. We can conclude that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following items is NOT a source of variability in physical development among individuals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of synaptogenesis:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following effects is an example of the "child's phenotype ? child's environment" relation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

plasticity relies on normal human experience for normal brain development and thus requires human genes to code less information and still result in normal development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stacy and Tracy are identical twins who were reared together. Stacy is quite athletic and not very artistic, whereas Tracy is not very athletic but is artistic. These personality differences can be attributed to their:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements identifies a problem with the use of formula for infant feeding in underdeveloped countries?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AITwin Study:In a twin study, the Nationa...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following methods for examining the specific areas of the brain associated with particular behaviors, thoughts, and feelings is most likely to be used with infants and young children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurogenesis:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following designs is ideal for studying behavior genetics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Andrew has red hair, green eyes, and lots of freckles. He is very active but is shy. These things about Andrew make up his:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Twin Study:
In a twin study, the Nationa...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified