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Inflamed tissue feels warm due to


A) increased blood flow and increased metabolic activity.
B) the margination of white blood cells.
C) chemotaxis and defervescence.
D) activation of complement by binding of C-reactive protein to bacterial carbohydrates.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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In passive immunity, the individual has not had an antigenic challenge.

A) True
B) False

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Some antibodies cross the placenta.

A) True
B) False

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The secondary response of the immune system to an infectious agent involves


A) fewer cells than the antigen challenge, as the response has become more specific.
B) more cells than the antigen challenge, due to the proliferation of memory cells.
C) amnesia of past exposures, so that a perfectly adapted response can be generated to the new pathogen.

D) None of the above
E) All of the above

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The display of an antigen on the surface of a cell's plasma membrane surface is called (2 words) ________.

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antigen pr...

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Which part of an antibody attaches to an antigen?


A) The hinge region
B) The constant region
C) The heavy chain
D) The variable region

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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A secondary response to an infectious agent has a ________ latent phase than a primary response has.


A) longer
B) shorter

C) A) and B)
D) undefined

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Helper T-lymphocytes primarily contain the CD8 coreceptor.

A) True
B) False

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The concentration of a particular antibody within the blood is referred to as the antibody ________.

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Antibody concentration is termed antibody ________.

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The Fc region of some antibodies can trigger the activity of NK cells.

A) True
B) False

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B-lymphocytes cannot bind directly with an antigen, and so require presentation by another type of cell.

A) True
B) False

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MHC class I molecules on a cell allow it to interact with


A) natural killer cells.
B) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
C) helper T-lymphocytes.
D) CD8+ B-lymphocytes.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Small fragments of infectious proteins that cause disease in nervous tissue are known as ________.

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If someone had a cut in their skin through which a bacterium entered, but that bacterium was then destroyed by a neutrophil, this would be an example of


A) failed external adaptive immunity, but successful innate immunity.
B) failed innate immunity, but successful adaptive immunity.
C) failed external innate immunity, but successful internal innate immunity.
D) failed external immunity, but successful internal acquired immunity.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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An immunoglobulin is a(n)


A) antibody, which is a white blood cell.
B) antibody, which is a protein molecule.
C) lymphocyte, which is a white blood cell.
D) lymphocyte, which is a protein molecule.
E) antigen, which is a cell receptor.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Nonspecific immunity is another name for


A) adaptive immunity.
B) innate immunity.
C) cell-mediated immunity.
D) acquired immunity.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The cell-mediated branch of the immune system is called such because it interacts with antigens associated with cells.

A) True
B) False

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Which is not one of the cardinal signs of inflammation?


A) Heat
B) Redness
C) Loss of function
D) Numbness
E) Swelling

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Why are functions of T-lymphocytes referred to as "cell-mediated" immunity?


A) Because T-lymphocytes are cells and not just plasma proteins
B) Because T-lymphocytes work against antigens associated with cells
C) Because T-lymphocytes work only against single-celled infectious agents
D) Because T-lymphocytes must activate other classes of cells in order to have any effect

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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