Question 1

An average value for the temperature of deep-ocean water is (pick the best choice)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   -4.5°C
B)   2°C
C)   8°C
D)   12°C
E)   17°CF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

The large ocean gyres are characterized by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   lower sea levels inwards than outwards
B)   ekman transport driving water outwards
C)   gravity-driven transport driving water inwards
D)   greater current velocities inwards
E)   higher salinities inwardsF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Thermohaline circulation is driven by changes in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   viscosity
B)   surface tension
C)   convection
D)   pressure
E)   densityF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

An average value for the density of seawater could be (pick the best choice)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   1.025 g/cm3
B)   1.010 g/cm3
C)   1.012 g/cm3
D)   2.020 g/cm3
E)   1.050 g/cm3F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

In the Southern Hemisphere, the speed of the wind-driven water ________ with depth and the water moves to the ________ of the wind.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases; right
B)   increases; left
C)   decreases; right
D)   decreases; left
E)   does not change; leftF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which current flows north to south along the northeast coast of the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gulf Stream
B)   Labrador
C)   Canary
D)   North Equatorial
E)   North AtlanticF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Eddies are found at all depths of the oceans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Oil tankers coming from the Persian Gulf to the United States use the ________ current along the east coast of Africa.

Accepted Answer

A)   Canary
B)   Guinea
C)   Agulhas
D)   Benguela
E)   South EquatorialF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

The clockwise gyre of the Arctic Ocean is driven by the polar easterlies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

If extremely cold fresh water is added on top of seawater, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the cold water will float at the surface
B)   the cold water will sink to the bottom and stagnate
C)   the cold water will sink and move rapidly out of the area
D)   an overturn will begin immediately
E)   the wind will control the surface mixingF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

The southeast trade winds directly produce the ________ current.

Accepted Answer

A)   Gulf Stream
B)   Equatorial Counter
C)   South Equatorial
D)   West Wind Drift
E)   East AustraliaF) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

A doppler current meter shows an increase in sound frequency if the water flow is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   moving away from the meter
B)   moving toward the meter
C)   moving around the meter
D)   increasing
E)   decreasingF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Order the following water bodies from highest to lowest salinity.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mediterranean intermediate water, North Atlantic deep water, Antarctic bottom water
B)   North Atlantic deep water, Mediterranean intermediate water, Antarctic bottom water
C)   Antarctic bottom water, Mediterranean intermediate water, North Atlantic deep water
D)   Mediterranean intermediate water, Antarctic bottom water, North Atlantic deep water
E)   Antarctic bottom water, North Atlantic deep water, Mediterranean intermediate waterF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Currents in the northern Indian Ocean change direction seasonally.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The coldest, deepest, densest water in the oceans ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is formed around Antarctica
B)   flows north
C)   is Antarctic bottom water
D)   All of these are correct.
E)   None of these is correct.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Which current moves cold water to warm latitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gulf Stream
B)   Kuroshio
C)   Peru
D)   Agulhas
E)   BrazilF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Upwelling occurs along the coast of California when winds blow from the north.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The Ekman Spiral causes current speed to increase with depth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The properties of seawater at depth are determined by surface conditions in the area where the water sinks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Geostrophic flow occurs when the Coriolis deflection is balanced by an opposite gravitational flow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Ocean Structure and Circulation

If extremely cold fresh water is added on top of seawater, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An average value for the density of seawater could be (pick the best choice) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thermohaline circulation is driven by changes in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An average value for the temperature of deep-ocean water is (pick the best choice) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The large ocean gyres are characterized by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The coldest, deepest, densest water in the oceans ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The clockwise gyre of the Arctic Ocean is driven by the polar easterlies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Upwelling occurs along the coast of California when winds blow from the north.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A doppler current meter shows an increase in sound frequency if the water flow is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Order the following water bodies from highest to lowest salinity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Southern Hemisphere, the speed of the wind-driven water ________ with depth and the water moves to the ________ of the wind.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which current flows north to south along the northeast coast of the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The properties of seawater at depth are determined by surface conditions in the area where the water sinks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The southeast trade winds directly produce the ________ current.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Currents in the northern Indian Ocean change direction seasonally.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eddies are found at all depths of the oceans.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oil tankers coming from the Persian Gulf to the United States use the ________ current along the east coast of Africa.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Ekman Spiral causes current speed to increase with depth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Geostrophic flow occurs when the Coriolis deflection is balanced by an opposite gravitational flow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which current moves cold water to warm latitudes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In the Southern Hemisphere, the speed of the wind-driven water with depth and the water moves to the of the wind.

Correct Answer
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