Question 1

Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A 7.85 × 10-5 mol sample of copper-61 emits 1.47 × 1019 positrons in 90.0 minutes. What is the decay constant for copper-61?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.00230 h-1
B)   0.00346 h-1
C)   0.207 h-1
D)   0.311 h-1
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)  
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the  nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The isotope  is unstable. This is predictable because

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of neutrons is too large in relation to the number of protons.
B)   the number of neutrons is too small in relation to the number of protons.
C)   the atomic number is too large.
D)   the mass number is too large.
E)   Sc isotopes are all unstable.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

Accepted Answer

A)   H
B)   He
C)   Mg
D)   Fe
E)   UF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following cannot be an example of nuclear fusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   A nuclear reaction in which two reactants have greater binding energy than their fused product.
B)   A nuclear reaction in which a carbon nucleus is produced.
C)   The primary energy-producing reaction in the Sun.
D)   The primary energy-producing reaction in a hydrogen bomb.
E)   A reaction in which the reactants are less stable than the products.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Accepted Answer

A)   gamma emission
B)   electron capture
C)   beta emission
D)   alpha emission
E)   double beta emissionF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Iodine-131, t1/2 = 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 × 1018 β particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 × 1017 β particles per day?

Accepted Answer

A)   2.0 days
B)   16 days
C)   32 days
D)   128 days
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 μCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the β radiation is 9.7 × 10-14 J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.027 rads
B)   1.2 rads
C)   37 rads
D)   85 rads
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

So-called "magic numbers" of particles are thought to convey extra stability to certain nuclei. These magic numbers refer to which of the following particles?

Accepted Answer

A)   protons only
B)   electrons only
C)   positrons only
D)   neutrons only
E)   protons and neutronsF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 14

The radiochemist, Will I. Glow, studied thorium-232 and found that 2.82 × 10-7 moles emitted 8.42 × 106 α particles in one year. What is the decay constant for thorium-232?

Accepted Answer

A)   3.35 × 10-14 yr-1
B)   4.96 × 10-11 yr-1
C)   1.40 × 1010 yr-1
D)   2.99 × 1013 yr-1
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A 9.52 × 10-5 mol sample of rubidium-86 emits 8.87 × 1016 β particles in one hour. What is the half-life of rubidium-86?

Accepted Answer

A)   2.23 × 10-3 h
B)   1.55 × 10-3 h
C)   448 h
D)   645 h
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Carbon-14 will emit a β particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

Accepted Answer

A)   1.0 × 10-24 J
B)   2.5 × 10-20 J
C)   1.0 × 10-18 J
D)   2.5 × 10-14 J
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

An isotope with a low value of N/Z will generally decay through

Accepted Answer

A)   α decay.
B)   β decay.
C)    decay.
D)   electron capture.
E)   spontaneous fission.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10-13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Accepted Answer

A)   4.0 × 10-7 MeV
B)   2.5 MeV
C)   40 MeV
D)   2.5 × 106 MeV
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

An isotope with a low value of N/Z will generally decay through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The isotope is unstable. This is predictable because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cannot be an example of nuclear fusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

So-called "magic numbers" of particles are thought to convey extra stability to certain nuclei. These magic numbers refer to which of the following particles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon-14 will emit a β particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the nucleus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 9.52 × 10-5 mol sample of rubidium-86 emits 8.87 × 1016 β particles in one hour. What is the half-life of rubidium-86?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 μCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the β radiation is 9.7 × 10-14 J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The radiochemist, Will I. Glow, studied thorium-232 and found that 2.82 × 10-7 moles emitted 8.42 × 106 α particles in one year. What is the decay constant for thorium-232?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Iodine-131, t1/2 = 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 × 1018 β particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 × 1017 β particles per day?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 7.85 × 10-5 mol sample of copper-61 emits 1.47 × 1019 positrons in 90.0 minutes. What is the decay constant for copper-61?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10-13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A 9.52 × 10^-5 mol sample of rubidium-86 emits 8.87 × 10¹⁶ β particles in one hour. What is the half-life of rubidium-86?

Correct Answer
verified

A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 μCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the β radiation is 9.7 × 10^-14 J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The radiochemist, Will I. Glow, studied thorium-232 and found that 2.82 × 10^-7 moles emitted 8.42 × 10⁶ α particles in one year. What is the decay constant for thorium-232?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Iodine-131, t_1/2 = 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 × 10¹⁸ β particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 × 10¹⁷ β particles per day?

Correct Answer
verified

A 7.85 × 10^-5 mol sample of copper-61 emits 1.47 × 10¹⁹ positrons in 90.0 minutes. What is the decay constant for copper-61?

Correct Answer
verified

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10^-13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Correct Answer
verified